Earlier
this morning I got a call from a friend, saying that she'd found a
job but I was at a loss whether to congratulate her or not, as she
will not only leave her country but also her two young children as well.
For the next nine months my friend will be teaching English at a
private school in the Gulf States. In doing so she'll be following a
path trailed by many other friends and acquaintances over the last
few years.
Her
children will remain here to be looked after by grandparents for the
duration, a story reminiscent of the sacrifices that many Greeks were
obliged to make in the 60's and 70's as guest workers who went north
to find jobs in the booming economies of Europe and
especially in German factories then powering the country's export led economic miracle.
As
with so many other Greeks six years of recession has forced my friend
to consider working abroad as the only alternative to a slow slide
into poverty at home so repeating a story that has been told and
re-told so often here over the last 100 years. However, this latest
generation is both luckier and unluckier than their parents and
forebears.
On
the one hand many emigrating Greeks are highly educated and have
university level qualifications and language skills that set them
apart from previous generations. No longer are they the monolingual, sometimes barely literate villagers who went abroad, able only to obtain dead
end jobs that post war northern Europeans were all to happy to spurn
in favour of better paid, higher status ones in the service sector.
Yet young educated Greeks are sallying forth into a very different world, one in which jobs, even badly paid, low status ones are becoming more and more difficult to find. While some will find work that fully utilises their knowledge and skills many will find that a foreigner in a declining economy, not matter how well educated will always be at a disadvantage.
In
addition the gap between earnings in the North and South of Europe has shrunk to a remarkable degree since the 1960's, with those in
countries such as Germany often remaining static whilst those in the
South have risen along with rising living standards.Gone
are the days when an unskilled factory hand could earn a wage that
would have been the envy of those back at home. So, the question that
goes through many people's minds is why go through all the social and
psychological upheaval of leaving home? Why uproot yourself when factories in east Germany pays just 6E an hour, just a few Euros more
than can be earned at home, unless your only criteria is survival?
However,
with unemployment at 25% (30% plus, if Greek trade union research is to be believed) and family and social security networks buckling
under the strain, then survival rather than having a better standard
of living may push Greeks as well as Spaniards, Portuguese and
Italians north once again.
But
with recession gradually mutating into Depression what reception will
this new generation of gasterbiters receive? Even when cheap labour
was in demand in the heavy industries of the Ruhr and the Rhine
southern European workers were often grudgingly accepted, now that they are
coming into competition for jobs in a shrinking economy the potential
for ugly confrontation becomes a real possibility .
Given
the campaign of virulent anti-Greek feeling that has marked German
politics and media coverage of the current debt crisis, the
groundwork for growing racist sentiment has been assiduously
cultivated. Should the situation in other PIIGS start to resemble
that of Greece how long is it before the myths of the lazy Spaniard
and work shy Italian once more become part of the cultural and
political landscape north of the Alps?
Then,
the German far right, like Greece's neo-Nazi Golden Dawn,will happily
exploit the opportunities given them by more “respectable”
conservative forces. As the economic decline of the European South
takes its toll on German export markets and the government will
inevitably struggle to balance a commitment to the EU ideal of open
borders with growing demands that German jobs and businesses be
protected.
Switzerland's military is already drawing up contingency plans in case of a
deepening of the social crisis in the Southern EU, UK's prime
minister, David Cameron talked of the possibility of closing the country's borders in case of a flood of Greek economic refugees is
being considered and France's demand for the re-introduction of internal EU border controls set the tone showing that the EU's policy
of open borders could be reversed in a heartbeat, should national
moods change.
How
much of this is just right wing political opportunism, designed to
win votes with a frightened electorate and how much of it points the
way to a more disunited future depends on the depth and duration of
the crisis. If the North follows the same pattern as indebted nations
such as Greece and Spain then all bets are off as growing divisions
may threaten to derail the decades of unification and reconciliation
that the EU has wrought.
It's
a sad irony of modern history that the years of hard work put in by
successive German leaders since end of World War II to prove that
Berlin can be trusted to rejoin the European family of nations is
being thrown away by a new generation of fiscal hard liners who are
willing to put their allegiance to dubious economic dogma ahead of
the unity of the continent.
One
of the lessons of the 1930's that German chancellor, Angela Merkel
and many other EU leaders seem willing to ignore is just how quickly
economic disaster changes the political outlook of people who've
enjoyed years of financial growth and security. The frenzied growth
of the 20's and the sudden loss of prosperity that hit the middle
class especially in the Great Depression helped bring the extreme
right to power in a remarkably short period of time.
In just a five years, the percentage of the popular vote captured by the Nazi party grew from 2.6% to 43.9%, a political rise that is being eerily echoed by their modern day counterparts in Greece, who have increased their popular support at an even more spectacular rate, going from just 0.29% to 14% in three years.
In just a five years, the percentage of the popular vote captured by the Nazi party grew from 2.6% to 43.9%, a political rise that is being eerily echoed by their modern day counterparts in Greece, who have increased their popular support at an even more spectacular rate, going from just 0.29% to 14% in three years.
In
30's the insistence of the political mainstream to cling to
ineffective economic theories even in the face of dismal failure
drove disenchanted voters into the arms of fascist parties across
Europe and beyond. The, then widespread political belief that
ordinary people would endure years of extreme poverty and suffering
in the name of an empty promise that it would eventually bring about
future growth helped bring down democracies across the world.
Does
Europe need to lose tens of millions of lives once more to relearn
lessons that ended up being so brutally paid for in the streets of
Stalingrad and fields of Normandy?
